Explosion-motor



R. BUONOCORE AND F. CAPALDO.

EXPLOSION MOTOR- APPLICATION FILED APR-14. 1919.

461 A z 'i Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

R. BUONOCORE AND F. CAPALDO. EXPLOSION MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 14, 1919.

1,373,862, Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

[P06611710 fi clonocoie. Eancesoo capazda.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EXPLOSION-MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 14, 1919, Serial No.;289,837.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that we, ROBERTO BUoNo-. cons, a subject of the King of Italy, and residing at 84 Via Cimarosa al Vomero, Naples, Italy, subject of the King of Italy, and residing at 15 Via S. Lucia, Naples, Italy, have invented certain new and useful Improvements' in Explosion-Motors, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the aecompanyin drawing.

The invention relates to exp osion and like motors and its object is to provide a motor of this type in which the means for opening and closing the ports. are very robust and are cooled and well lubricated.

and a thermal and mechanical efficiency is obtained which is greatly superior to that of ordinary motors with the same stroke and the'same bore, and the sparking plug is protected during the exhausting period, the

device provided for opening andclosing the ports being further adapted to attain a simple and reliable automatic starting of the motor.

The complete or nearly complete expulsion of the burnt gases from the explosion chamber, the perfect and uniform closure during the compression attained by aid of the port controlling device, the protection of the sparking plug during the exhausting period are the main features of the invention which assist in obtaining a greater efficiency of the motor. In fact, the complete or almost complete expulsion of the burnt gases from the explosion chamber improves the mechanical and thermal efficiency of the motor as the cylinders may receive a larger quantity of vaporized mixture during the successive suction stroke and this mixture is also purer because it is free from inert gases, and it is well known that the eiticiency of a motor is all the greater the more perfect and constant is the closure during the compression, while the sparking plug being protected during the exhausting perio assists in increasing the etliciencv of the motor as a deposit of oil and of residues or combustion on the electrodes of the plug is avoided and thus a more intense spark is obtained.

These and other objects are attained according to the invention by arranging within the cylinder of the motor near the mouth thereof a second piston which is capable of a to and fro motion within the cylinder so and FRANCESCO CAPALDO, .a

as to approach, or move away from, the usual working piston and to cover or uncover a slot in the wall of the cylinder, means being provided to put this slot alternately in communication with the exhaust and the suction ipes, the wall of the cylmder beingfurt er provided with a small hole arranged near the sparkin ,plug, which said. hole is in valve controlle communicatron with the vaporizing. chamber of .the carbureter.

In order that the invention may be more fully understood, the same will be described with reference to the annexed drawing which shows, by way of example, in-

Figure 1 a sectional elevation of the cylinder of a motor of the rotary valve type embodying the present invention and in Fig. 2 a similar view of the cylinder of a motor of the slide valve type constructed in accordance with the invention.

Referring to Fig. l of the drawing, the cyhnder 1 of the motor is closed by a piston 2 which acts thus as cylinder cover, and a working iston 3 is provided as in other motors. he wall of the cylinder has two slots, a slot 4 for exhausting the burnt gases and for taking in the explosive mixture, and .a slot 5 for the exhaust only at the end of the stroke. During the compression and explosion periods the piston 2 remains stationary as far away as posslble from the working piston 3, so as to close the port 4-by aid of its well or of an elastic washer which is entrained by the piston and is caused by the pressure of the gases inside to place itself against the port, so as to provide a perfect closure. At the'end of the exhausting period the piston 2 approaches the head of the piston 3 so as to come almost in touch with it,

and it thus uncovers the port 4 through which all the burnt gases will be expelled. In the constructional form of the invention now described the shaft 7 drives by aid of gears 8, 9, 10 and 11 a shaft 13 which has secured to it a valve 6 for the port 4 and a valve 12 for the port 5. The valve 12 serves mainly to permit the cylinder through the port 5 only at the end of the stroke and to prevent that during the suction period air or burnt gases "should enter the cylinder. The valve 6 rotates so as to, put the port the exhaust piping 29 during the exhausting period and then with the vaporizing chamber 30 during the suction period. After the Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

4 in, communication withv exhaust from the example, in Fig. 1 of the drawing. According to this-figure, the shaft 13 carries at its top end a crank 14 which is connected wlth a rod 15. The other end of this rod is connected with a crank lever 16 which is pivoted near the mouth of the cylinder and controls the piston 2-by means of a rod 17. When the shaft 13 rotates, a to and fro motion will thus be impartedto the piston 2.

In the construction shown in Fig. 2, the driving shaft 19 drives by aid of two pairs of for example conical or helicoidal gears and of an intermediate shaft-18 a crank shaft 20 arranged on the cylinder head. This shaft 20 controls a rod 22 which is connected with the end of'a second rod 23 .arranged to slide in a curved slotted guide 24, and it transmits thus a to and fro movement to the piston 2 in accordance with the various strokes. The shaft 20 imparts through a cross head 28 or the like a to and fro motion to a valve composed of two disks or the like 25 and 26 for the two ports 4 and 5 which work as in the above described construction.

As regards the automatic starting of the motor, it must be noted that same depends on the above described device for opening and closing the ports and more precisely on the position of the piston 2 respecting a small hole 31 provided in the wall of the cylinder 1 near the sparking plug. In cylinders in their exhausting and suction periods this hole 31 is covered by the piston -2, while in cylindersin their compression and explosion periods it is uncovered and allows gas to enter the cylinders from the outside. Each cylinder of the motor is further provided with a cock which communicates with the hole 31 and by connecting all the cooks with a piping from a hand operated pump it is evident that to start the motor it is sufiicient to suck in vaporized mixture from the vaporizing chamber of the carbureter by aid of the pump and to compress it through the cooks into those cylinders whose hole 31 is not covered by the piston 2 as they are in their compression and explosion periods. The mixture will then be exploded by electric sparks from the sparking plug and the motor be started.

It is evident that the hole 31 remains covered during the exhausting period, whereby a deposit of oil and of residues of combustion on the sparking plug is avoided and a uniform intensity of the spark obtained.

The invention does not limit itself to the constructional forms above described, but it is to be understood that the details of the construction and of the arrangement of the parts may be varied within the scope of the invention.

hat we claim is 1. In an explosion motor, a cylinder having a slot, a spark plug adjacent to said slot, a working piston within the cylinder,a second piston arranged near the mouth of the cylinder and acting as piston cover, this second piston being adapted to move toward or away from the working piston and to cover or uncover said slot provided in the wall of the cylinder, means to put this slot alternately in communication with the exhaust and suction pipes, "a second slot within the cylinder wall, controlled by the said means, means to control these means from the motor shaft and connections bet-ween the last named means and the secondary piston rod so as to impart a to and fro motion to the secondary piston.

2. In an explosion motor, a cylinder, a working piston within the cylinder, a second piston arranged near the mouth of the cyl inder and adapted to slide within the cylin der so as to move toward or away from the working piston and to-set up or cut off the communication with the exhaust and suction pipes through a slot provided in the cylinder wall, a hold provided .in the cylinder wall near the sparking plug and arranged to be covered and uncovered by the secondary piston, and valve controlled means to connect this hole with the vaporizing chamber of the carbureter.

3. In an explosion motor a cylinder having a slot, a spark plug adjacent to the slot, at working piston within the cylinder, a second piston arranged near the mouth of the cylinder and acting asva piston cover and adapted to cover or uncover said slot, means for alternately registering the slot with the exhaust and suction pipes of the cylinder, said cylinder having a second slot arranged in space relation to the first slot, means for ROBERTO BUONOCORE FRANCESCO CAPALDO In the presence of CORELLI NATALE, Uco 'SIPARI. 

